Pulmonary nodules are pathological mass shaped lesions, which have been found to be more and more common in lung cancer screening in recent years. How to diagnose and evaluate the nature of pulmonary nodules is a difficult problem for imaging doctors and clinicians. Ultrasonic scanner has become an important auxiliary diagnostic means in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules for accurate positioning, size, surface and morphological characteristics evaluation. This article will describe the application of ultrasonic scanner in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.

The ultrasound scanner is a non-invasive and radiation-free examination method, which has the advantage of being able to obtain high resolution images, especially showing the characteristic morphology and appearance of pulmonary nodules and the distribution of peripheral blood vessels. Ultrasonic scanners can also enhance the diagnostic accuracy by enhancing the image, adjusting its gray level, increasing contrast and so on. In addition, this examination method is safe and will not cause any damage to the patient's body.

Pulmonary nodules show different appearance morphology based on their ultrasonic reflection and absorption characteristics in the examination of ultrasonic scanner. The main manifestations are homogeneous echo, low echo, irregular low echo, irregular high echo and so on. The characteristic morphology and appearance of pulmonary nodules have important clinical significance in evaluating their benign or malignant.

Ultrasonic examination of pulmonary nodules can help doctors locate and evaluate lesions more accurately. Many studies have proved that ultrasonic scanner can reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, shorten the diagnostic interval, and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. The characteristics of lung cancer and benign nodules evaluated by ultrasound scanner can be comprehensively evaluated from the following aspects:

1. Edge features

The edge features of lung cancer and benign nodules are significantly different, and the edges of benign nodules are generally more regular and clear. In ultrasonic images, the edges of benign nodules are usually regular round, oval or lobulated, while the edges of malignant nodules are more irregular and jagged, and may even extend out of the nodules and spread outward.

2. Internal echo characteristics

The internal echo characteristics of lung cancer and benign nodules differ, and ultrasound scanners can be used to rapidly and non-invasibly evaluate the internal echo characteristics of lung nodules. In ultrasonic images, benign nodules often present regular distribution of homogeneous echo, while lung cancer often presents broken jagged and interfered strong echo.

3. Morphological characteristics

Lung cancer and benign nodules are also significantly different in shape. Benign nodules are basically regular and uniform spherical or elliptical, while malignant nodules may be irregular in shape, such as curved or lobed.

4. Characteristics of blood flow compensation

More oxygen and nutrients are introduced into the systolic blood flow than diastolic, and therefore more metabolic activity occurs. Lung cancer and benign nodules differ in the performance of blood flow compensation characteristics. Ultrasound scanners can use blood flow compensation technology to quantitatively evaluate blood flow velocity and compensate for blood flow changes, so as to realize more detailed evaluation and differentiation of lung nodules.

In conclusion, ultrasound scanner is one of the valuable diagnostic methods to evaluate pulmonary nodules. By evaluating the appearance, echo, morphology and blood flow compensation value of pulmonary nodules, it can help doctors more accurately diagnose the nature of pulmonary nodules and provide personalized diagnosis and treatment for patients. However, the examination results of ultrasound scanner can only be used as an auxiliary means for the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, and a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation should be completed by combining the course of disease, history, clinical manifestations and other imaging methods. Of course, we hope that in the future, more efficient, precise and safe tools for evaluating lung nodules will emerge to help doctors more accurately diagnose and treat such serious diseases.