Endometrial carcinoma is a common gynecological malignant tumor, and its incidence rate is increasing year by year. Early detection and treatment are the key to controlling diseases. Ultrasound testing is a non-invasive, simple, fast, and accurate examination method, which is particularly important for the screening and diagnosis of endometrial cancer.

1. Principles of Ultrasonic Testing

Ultrasonic testing utilizes the propagation and reflection of sound waves in materials. Specifically, the detector emits a beam of ultrasound and receives the reflection and scattering of the signal, then calculates the time, intensity, and frequency of the reflection and scattering, and ultimately generates a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image.

2. Ultrasonic testing technology

2.1 Transabdominal ultrasound examination

Transabdominal ultrasound is the most commonly used Ultrasonic testing detection method for endometrial cancer. The examiner will apply a layer of gel on the abdomen, then place the probe on the abdomen, and use the image generated by ultrasound to observe the condition of endometrium. By adjusting the direction and position of the probe, as well as the frequency of ultrasound, the structure, size, and morphology of the uterine cavity and wall, as well as the thickness and abnormal areas of the endometrium, can be observed.

2.2 Transvaginal ultrasound examination

Transvaginal ultrasound is also a commonly used method for detecting endometrial cancer. The examiner will place the probe into the vagina and use the ultrasound generated image to observe the condition of the endometrium. Compared to transabdominal ultrasound, transvaginal ultrasound is not affected by gastrointestinal gas and can observe the thickness and abnormal areas of the endometrium more clearly.

2.3 Transrectal ultrasound examination

Transrectal ultrasound examination is suitable for patients who have stopped menstruation or suspected endometrial cancer to spread to the rectum. The examiner will place the probe into the rectum and use the ultrasound generated image to observe the surrounding tissue of the uterus. Compared to transvaginal ultrasound, transrectal ultrasound can more clearly observe lymph nodes and other structures near the rectum.

3. Ultrasound detection results of endometrial cancer

Transabdominal ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound can usually detect the main features of endometrial cancer, such as endometrial thickening, abnormal echoes, abnormal blood flow, and abnormal structures. Transrectal ultrasound can detect the spread of endometrial cancer, as well as the involvement of lymph nodes and other structures.

4. Advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic testing

Ultrasonic detection technology has the advantages of non-invasive, simple, fast, and accurate, which can detect endometrial cancer in a timely and effective manner without the use of any harmful substances and radiation. However, due to factors such as equipment, body position, and individual differences in patients, the results of ultrasound testing have certain limitations. In addition, for some cases where the lesion is small or deep, the accuracy of ultrasound detection is also limited.

5. Summary

Endometrial cancer is a common gynecological malignancy, and ultrasound detection technology can provide rapid and accurate screening and diagnosis. When patients seek medical treatment, doctors should select appropriate ultrasound testing plans based on the situation, and comprehensively evaluate the patient's condition by combining clinical manifestations, biochemical tests, and histopathological methods, develop targeted treatment plans, and improve the cure rate and survival rate.