Medical ultrasound scanners play an important role in surgery, especially in interventional procedures. Through high-frequency sound waves, doctors can obtain real-time images of patients' organs and tissues, providing important basis for surgical navigation, diagnosis, and treatment. This article will provide a detailed introduction to the steps and techniques of using medical ultrasound scanners for interventional surgery.

The basic principles of medical ultrasound scanners

Medical ultrasound scanners use high-frequency sound waves (typically between 2.0 MHz and 10.0 MHz) to scan human tissue. When sound waves propagate in human tissues, they will reflect and scatter when encountering different tissue interfaces. By receiving and analyzing these reflected and scattered acoustic signals, medical ultrasound scanners can generate images of the internal structure and pathological changes of the human body.

Characteristics of Interventional Surgery

Interventional surgery is a minimally invasive surgery in which doctors insert medical devices through the skin or natural channels of the human body to treat or diagnose the affected area. Interventional surgery has the advantages of minimal trauma, fast recovery, and significant therapeutic effects, making it widely used in modern medicine.

Steps for interventional surgery using medical ultrasound scanners

Preoperative preparation

(1) Understand the patient's medical history and clinical manifestations, and clarify the surgical purpose and indications.

(2) Confirm that the medical ultrasound scanner and its accessories (such as probe, puncture needle, guide wire, etc.) are ready and in normal working condition.

Patient position and anesthesia

(1) Choose the appropriate patient position based on the surgical site and nature, such as supine, prone, or lateral position.

(2) Choose appropriate anesthesia methods as needed, such as local anesthesia, general anesthesia, or sedative anesthesia.

Medical ultrasound scanner operation

(1) Apply an appropriate amount of coupling agent to the probe to avoid attenuation when sound waves propagate between the probe and the skin.

(2) Select appropriate probe frequency and gain settings to obtain clear and accurate images.

(3) Perform layer by layer scanning of the scanned area to obtain detailed images of the lesion and its surrounding structures.

Interventional surgical procedures

(1) Under the guidance of ultrasound images, select appropriate puncture points and pathways to avoid damaging important blood vessels and tissues.

(2) Select appropriate interventional treatment methods based on the surgical purpose, such as embolization, radiofrequency ablation, laser irradiation, etc.

(3) Real time monitoring of the surgical process ensures that the interventional medical equipment reaches the predetermined position and closely monitors changes in the patient's vital signs.

End of surgery and postoperative observation

(1) After completing the surgery, remove the interventional medical equipment and compress and bandage the puncture point.

(2) Close observation of the patient's vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, etc., and timely handling of potential adverse reactions.

Techniques for interventional surgery using medical ultrasound scanners

Proficient in the operation skills of medical ultrasound scanners

(1) Familiarize yourself with the correct use of the probe and avoid scratching the surface of the probe or applying too much or too little coupling agent.

(2) Master the image characteristics under different frequency and gain settings, and select the best scanning parameters as needed.

Emphasize image quality and stability

(1) Ensure appropriate image clarity and contrast to avoid image distortion or blurring.

(2) Pay attention to maintaining image stability and avoid probe shake or displacement affecting the image.

Comprehensive use of multiple scanning techniques

(1) Master various scanning techniques such as transverse, longitudinal, and oblique sections to comprehensively evaluate the lesion site and its surrounding conditions.

(2) Flexibly adjust the probe angle and scanning speed according to the scanning location and depth requirements, in order to obtain the best image effect.